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Neonatal & Early Pediatric Kidney Health Lab

Advancing Infant and Early Childhood Kidney Health

The Neonatal and Early Pediatric Kidney Health Lab is dedicated to advancing early-life kidney health and reducing disparities in the diagnosis, management, and outcomes of acute and chronic kidney conditions in infants and young children.

Our team of clinician-scientists, health services researchers, pediatric nephrologists, developmental biologists and community partners aims to understand the biological, developmental and social determinants of kidney health beginning in the neonatal period.

We apply rigorous, innovative research methods to address real-world clinical challenges, improve the quality of care delivered to neonates and pediatric populations, and strengthen the systems that support children, their families and the health care professionals who care for them.

Our areas of research focus include:

  • Understanding acute kidney injury and early kidney disease in neonates and children to improve early detection, management and long-term outcomes.

  • Advancing early identification of infants at risk for chronic kidney disease through improved risk stratification and longitudinal monitoring beginning in the neonatal period.

  • Investigating kidney disease as a systemic process, including kidney–lung interactions, fluid balance and angiogenesis in premature infants.

  • Using translational biomarkers to improve prediction of kidney injury and related systemic complications in neonatal and pediatric populations.

  • Evaluating kidney replacement therapies in neonates and infants to inform evidence-based standards of care and improve growth and survival.

  • Applying health services and comparative effectiveness research to improve the quality, consistency and delivery of pediatric kidney care across health systems.

  • Examining social determinants of health to reduce disparities in pediatric kidney disease diagnosis, management and outcomes.


Active Research

AWAKEN 2.0 Study (Assessment of Worldwide Acute Kidney Injury Epidemiology in Neonates)

The AWAKEN 2.0 Study is a large, multicenter, multinational collaboration designed to expand and modernize global understanding of neonatal acute kidney injury (AKI). Building on the original AWAKEN study, this project includes over 100 NICUs across more than 30 countries to assess the incidence, risk factors, and short- and long-term outcomes of AKI in hospitalized neonates. The goal of AWAKEN 2.0 is to inform evidence-based clinical practices, improve kidney health monitoring of NICU graduates, and establish a foundation for future interventional studies. AWAKEN 2.0 is funded and supported by the Burroughs Trust, the Neonatal Kidney Collaborative, and PNRC-ESPN.

FIGHT Study (Febrile Infections as a Glomerular Health Threat)

The FIGHT Study evaluates how febrile urinary tract infections and treatment strategies affect long-term kidney health in children with vesicoureteral reflux. Using pragmatic, multicenter clinical data and long-term follow-up, the study compares outcomes between antibiotic prophylaxis and observation while also examining kidney health in adolescents and young adults with prior VUR. Patient and caregiver perspectives are integrated to support patient-centered communication and management strategies that reduce chronic kidney disease risk.

MAP-BPD Study (Molecular Angiogenesis Patterns in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia)

The MAP-BPD Study is a prospective  study examining how angiogenesis-related biomarkers are associated with the development of severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants. The study tests the hypothesis that infants who develop acute kidney injury and severe BPD demonstrate distinct longitudinal patterns of angiogenesis compared with those without significant lung disease. By integrating clinical, demographic, and biomarker data related to kidney function, lung disease, and fluid status, this work aims to improve early identification of infants at highest risk for severe BPD and related complications.

Improving Measurement of Neonatal High Blood Pressure using the Boppli Device

This study evaluates the accuracy and clinical utility of a novel, non-invasive blood pressure monitoring device (Boppli™) in neonates cared for in the NICU. In the first phase, the study compares Boppli™ measurements with standard cuff blood pressures to validate device performance across clinically relevant blood pressure ranges in infants weighing less than 5 kg. If validated, the study will assess the device’s ability to identify neonatal hypertension in infants with persistently elevated blood pressures and evaluate parent, provider, and nursing satisfaction with cuff-free monitoring.

Neonatal Acute Kidney Injury Biorepository

The Acute Kidney Injury Biorepository is a longitudinal collection of biologic samples from neonates with AKI. This resource supports translational research aimed at identifying novel biomarkers, understanding mechanisms of kidney injury, and linking early biologic signals to long-term clinical outcomes. The biorepository serves as a shared platform for collaborative studies focused on advancing precision medicine in pediatric kidney health.

Collaborative Research Projects

The Neonatal and Early Pediatric Kidney Health Lab actively participates in numerous national and international multicenter and cohort studies focused on neonatal and pediatric kidney disease. Through collaborations with established research networks and consortia, these studies leverage large, diverse patient populations to advance understanding of kidney injury, long-term outcomes, and evidence-based care across institutions and health systems. These include:

  • WE-ROCK
  • Neonatal Kidney Collaboratives RINK 
  • MINI-ROCKET 
  • ULTRA-PEDS

Lab Team

44360-Starr, Michelle

Michelle C. Starr, MD

Associate Professor of Pediatrics

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Affiliates

27629-Hains, David

David Hains, MD, MBA

Byron P. & Frances D. Hollett Professor of Pediatric Nephrology

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65513-Slagle, Cara

Cara L. Slagle, MD

Associate Professor of Clinical Pediatrics

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Past Grant Funding

  • Consensus Workshop to Address Kidney Health in High-Risk Neonatal intensive Care Unit Graduates (NIH/NIDDK)

  • Multicenter Evaluation of Solute Loss and Growth in Neonates and Infants Receiving Kidney Replacement Therapy (Gerber Foundation)

  • Improving the Prediction and Communication of Chronic Kidney Disease in Prematurely Born Children (Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute and AHRQ)

  • ULTRA-Peds Data Registry (AKI Research Foundation)

Supporting Organizations

  • Riley Children’s Foundation

  • IU Health

  • National Institutes of Health

  • Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute

  • Neonatal Kidney Collaborative

  • PNRC-ESPN

  • Burroughs Welcome Trust